Bird Spotlight - The Spotted Towhee

In the intricate tapestry of bird species, the Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus) stands out as a striking and charismatic bird, known for its bold markings, unique behaviors, and captivating presence.

Like most birds, you will probably hear the Spotted Towhee before you ever catch sight of one.  We don't mean that you will hear their call, (you might) of which they have two pretty common ones, a trill and a more plaintive call that some say sounds like "tow-hee," but we hear it more like a long-time smoker calling out "Jerry?"  No, the sound you might hear before catching sight of your first ever Spotted Towhee is a scratching in the underbrush, which at first is easily mistaken for the sounds a squirrel or chipmunk.

Size and Feather

The Spotted Towhee is a medium-sized bird with a distinctive appearance. Its plumage is a striking combination of black, white, and rusty hues. The male sports a glossy black back, wings, and tail, complemented by rich chestnut flanks and sides. It exhibits bold white spots on its wings and back, which contribute to its name. In contrast, the female has similar markings but with a browner tone overall.

What sets the Spotted Towhee apart is its bright red eyes, adding a captivating allure to its appearance. It's often seen foraging on the ground, scratching among leaf litter for insects and seeds.

Habitat and Behavior

The Spotted Towhee's primary habitat is in the Western United States, with breeding ranges going into Canada. The Eastern Towhee is a similar looking bird, but without the spots, found in the Eastern half of the United States.  The two birds were once thought to be the same species and in fact do interbreed on the Great Plains.

Spotted Towhees are ground foragers, and they spend the majority of their time expertly scratching at the leaf litter searching for food and browsing the understory for seeds and insects.  It is a treat to watch them forage with their two footed scratching executed as a short little backward hop.  You are most likely to find Spotted Towhees in shrubby habitats and forest edges.

Birdwatching Tips

Observing Spotted Towhees in their natural habitat can be a rewarding experience. Here are some tips for spotting them in the wild or attracting them to your backyard:

1. Identify Preferred Habitats: Look for Spotted Towhees in areas with dense shrubs, brush piles, or thickets. Woodland edges and overgrown gardens are also favored spots.

2. Listen for Calls: Learn to recognize their distinct "tow-hee" or as we prefer to think of it "Jerry" calls and other vocalizations, which can guide you to their location.

3. Patient Observation: Towhees are ground-foragers and may take some time to spot in the undergrowth. Practice patience and quiet observation to spot them foraging.

4. Provide Suitable Habitat: If you aim to attract Spotted Towhees to your backyard, create a diverse habitat with shrubs, bushes, and leaf litter. Avoid excessive tidiness to allow for foraging areas.

5. Food and Water: Offer a mix of seeds, fruits, and insects in bird feeders. A shallow birdbath or water source can also attract these birds.

By appreciating the Spotted Towhee's distinct markings, behaviors, and preferred habitats, bird enthusiasts can increase their chances of encountering these charming ground-foragers. Whether in the wild or in your backyard, witnessing the spirited presence of the Spotted Towhee adds a touch of nature's beauty to any birdwatching experience.

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